During an earthquake, energy is released when rocks under stress slide past one another along a fault, or fracture in the Earth's crust. These situations most commonly occur at, or close to the boundaries of moving tectonic plates that make up the outer shell of our planet. Southern Vancouver Island is situated above the boundary separating the oceanic Juan de Fuca Plate and the continental North America Plate. Beneath the boundary, or Cascadia subduction zone, the eastward-moving oceanic plate is descending, or being subducted, beneath the westward-drifting continent (b).
fonte: http://geoscape.nrcan.gc.ca/victoria/eq_e.php
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